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The Apache called themselves Inde or Nide ( The People ) |
| The
word "Apache" comes from the Yuma word for
"fighting-men". It also comes from a Zuni word
meaning "enemy". The Zuni name for Navajo was called "Apachis de Nabaju" by the earliest Spaniards exploring New Mexico. They called themselves Inde, or Nide "the people The Apaches were well-known for their superior skills in warfare strategy. When they confronted Coronado in 1540, they lived in eastern New Mexico, and reached Arizona in the 1600s. The Apaches belong to the Southern Athapascan linguistic family. They are composed of six regional groups: Lipan The Lipan, or Lipan-Apache, were among the more important subgroups of Apaches in Texas. The Lipans fought the Texans fiercely, but on some occasions in the nineteenth century they were allies. In the year 1819 the Lipan Apache camped on the banks of the Rio Grande west of Laredo. Between 1822 and 1844 the Lipan Apache lived and camped in on the banks of the Cibolo Creek, near Live Oak, Texas Kiowa-Apache The Apache tribes most closely related to the Kiowa-Apache were the Lipan, who had a lesser degree of Plains influence in their culture. Jicarilla The closest relations of the Lipan were the Jicarilla Apache, whose mountainous territory ranged from north-eastern New Mexico into southern Colorado. Mescalero South of the Jicarilla Apache were the Mescalero. The Mescalero lived among the Sacramento, Guadalupe and Davis Mountains of south-east New Mexico and western Texas. Chiricahua Probably the most famous Apacha tribe. They were divided into three bands, each with minor cultural differences. The Eastern Chiricahua, territory in south-west New Mexico, west of the Rio Grande. The Chokonens, also known as the true Chiricahua. Their lands stretched into Mexico and New Mexico from south-east Arizona's Chiricahua Mountains. South of the true Chiricahua were the Southern Chiricahua, who ranged the Sierra Madre region of northern Mexico. Western Apache North of the Chiricahua tribe were the Western Apache of Arizona, who were, in the 1800s, divided into five autonomous groups based on slight differences in dialect. White Mountain Apache Cibecue group San Carlos group Northern Tonto Southern Tonto |
