Made and painted by John Groeneveld ( Non-Native
American ).
The meaning and owner of the
shield, see below.
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The meaning of the shield:
Circle was a very important symbol
for the Jicarilla Apaches.
The circle represented the cycle of life from
birth to death.
They believed the circle also had healing and
protective powers.
The sixteen blue points represents
sacred mountains and have a far deeper meaning
than can be presented here.
The red part within the blue points represents
the sun.
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The owner of the shield:
Unknown
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Used materials:
Willow hoop
Rawhide
Hawkbells
Wool trade cloth red
Imitation Eaglefeather
Owl feather
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