
Made and painted by John Groeneveld ( Non-Native
American ).
The meaning and owner of the
shield, see below.
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The meaning of the shield:
The dark bent lines painted in the
upper left area represent the bullets or arrows
the shield will repel.
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The owner of the shield:
Humped Wolf
The image of the buffalo, which appears on this
shield, came in a dream to a young Crow Indian
man by the name of Humped Wolf.
After being wounded in battle, Humped Wolf
wandered into the prairie during a blizzard and
became lost. Humped Wolf came upon a freshly
killed buffalo. To protect himself from the
elements, he crawled inside the carcass. It was
here that he received his vision.
Humped Wolf later described his vision to the
elders, who instructed him how to represent his
vision on a shield.
Humped Wolf's shield could never be placed on the
ground. When Humped Wolf was traveling and needed
to rest, he placed his shield on a sagebrush
plant.
Humped Wolf made another version
of this shield which is now in the collection at
the National Museum of the American Indian in New
York.
A third version is in a private collection.
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Used materials:
Willow hoop
Rawhide
Owl feathers
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The original shield nr.1
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Museum:
Native American History
and Culture
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The original shield nr.2
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Museum:
National Museum of the American Indian.
New York
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