Made and painted by John Groeneveld ( Non-Native
American ).
The meaning and owner of the
shield, see below.
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The meaning of the shield:
The red design around the edge
represents The Black Hills ( Paha Sapa ).
The colour red stands for the earth and
the life-sustaining blood of the people.
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The owner of the shield:
The original shield belonged to One Bull.
One Bull was Sitting Bull's nephew and adopted
son.
One Bull fought with Grazy Horse at the Battle of
Little Big Horn.
He grew to be a great leader of the Hunkpapa
Sioux on the Standing Rock reservasion.
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Used materials:
Willow hoop
Rawhide
Medicine bundle
Imitation eagle feather
Fluffs
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Click on image
for larger view
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One Bull
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