Made and painted by John Groeneveld ( Non-Native
American ).
The meaning and owner of the
shield, see below.
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The meaning of the shield:
For the Lakota, or Sioux, the
Thunderbird ( Wakin'yan' ) is an important
deity.
It is a great bird which lives somewhere in the
west and sends the rain.
Thunder is caused by the beating of its wings,
and bolts of lightning flash from its eyes.
Hail ( the blue spots ) and lightning ( the red
lines ) are manifestations of these Thunderbirds.
Visions are important to the Lakota, and visions
of the Thunderbird particularly so.
Members of the Heyoka society, the famous
contraries, are men who have received this
vision, though the precise connection is not
clear.
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The owner of the shield:
Unknown
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Used materials:
Willow hoop
Rawhide
Tin cones
Hawk bells
Duck feathers
Crow feathers
Grey eagle feathers
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Click on image
for larger view
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