Made and painted by John Groeneveld ( Non-Native
American ).
The meaning and owner of the
shield, see below.
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The meaning of the shield:
The original shield was not
attributed to any one tribe, probably Southern
Cheyenne, but a label mentioned that
Kiowa, Kiowa Apache, Comanche, Southern Cheyenne
and Arapaho Indians all resided in the area.
The original shield was on display at Fort Larned
in central Kansas, along the Santa Fe Trail.
The shield of hide displays a scalp of human hair
( white man ) and tied with red ribbon.
Six goose feathers were tied to one side.
A yellow circle with a red outline was painted
just below center.
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The owner of the shield:
Unknown
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Used materials :
Willow hoop
Rawhide
Scalp of a white man
Hawk bells
White and black beads
Wool trade cloth
Goose feathers
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Click on image
for larger view
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