Made and painted by John Groeneveld ( Non-Native
American ).
The meaning and owner of the
shield, see below.
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The meaning of the shield:
The Morning Star, a symbol
frequently used in the culture of the
PlainsIndians.
The PlainsIndians honored it as a sign of courage
and purity.
The Ghost Dance Religion associated it as a
symbol of the coming renewal of tradition. Other
spirits are sometimes represented as stars.
The horizon of the earth frames the sky around
the outer edge of the image.
De Eagle, the master of the sky, is considered a
carrier of prayers. Many Indians honor this bird
as possessing courage, wisdom, and a special
connection to the creator. This is often confused
with the "thunderbird" image.
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The owner of the shield:
Swift Dog, who had fought at the Battle
of the Little Big Horn as one of Sitting
Bull’s warriors.
He was a warrior, artist, and
historian.
Have not found any details of his
life so far.
If you have, please send me a mail.
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Used materials:
Willow hoop
Rawhide
Eagleplumes
Wool trade cloth red
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Click on images
for larger view
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Swift Dog
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