Made and painted by John Groeneveld ( Non-Native
American ).
The meaning and owner of the
shield, see below.
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The meaning of the shield:
A buffalo
hide/parfleche Medicineshield, painted in red,
white and green, with a stylized horned head that
likely represents the buffalo spirit.
Front view of shield, with buffalo, hail, snake,
and lightningsymbols.
Ornamented with buffalo hair and goose feathers.
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The owner of the shield:
Making
Medicine, also known as "Owl", a
Cheyenne medicineman.
Made at Fort
Marion, Florida, while Owl was a prisoner there
from 1875 to 1878.
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Used materials:
Willow hoop
Rawhide shield
Medicinebundle
Goose feathers
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The original shield
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Museum:
Unknown
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